A freely-accessible public healthcare system has always been considered one of the pillars of the modern welfare state. However, the dearth of adequate managerial skills and advance planning within the healthcare framework has often led to systemic problems, like issues with financing for a system that is regarded as a public service by users and a private business by service suppliers. This problem has once again resurfaced in the Croatian health sector, with debts accumulated by public hospitals and pharmacies standing in the way of a regular supply of medicinal products and medical devices by manufacturers, wholesalers, and pharmacies.

As a large country with a population of over 82 million and a comprehensive public and private healthcare system designed to provide an accessible and equitable medical service to each and every person living in Turkey, the potential for every life science-related sector in the country could easily be deemed as advanced.

The fundamental goal of each company is to increase sales. For this purpose, players that operate in the Ukrainian pharma market utilize a wide range of promotional activities. However, Ukrainian laws on health protection allow very few of them when it comes to prescription (or “Rx”) pharmaceuticals.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the digital evolution of clinical trials. Introducing new technologies and ways of working with clinical data, improving clinical data access, review, and monitoring processes, and making better use of the data for further scientific research are trends that are here to stay. Side by side with these developments come legal questions about personal data protection. The aim of this article is to shed light on the core legal issue in data processing within clinical trials: its legal basis.

[Updated on 8 July 2021] Further to the entry into force of EU Medical Devices Regulation 2017/745 on May 26 2021, the Romanian Government issued an Emergency Ordinance setting forth the institutional framework for ensuring the MDR’s direct application (“GEO no. 46/2021”) and announced that the Ministry of Health will issue the secondary legislation in the following months.

For at least the last 15 years, co-promotion and co-marketing agreements between pharmaceutical companies have been valuable instruments for cost-effective marketing of pharmaceutical products. Both types of agreement are used both locally and globally to effectively allocate the skills and expertise of marketing teams based on product type, therapeutic category, and product maturity.